The Ultimate Guide to Nurturing and Cultivating Poppies in Your Garden

Common poppy field with red and pink flowers and buds in between

The striking red blooms of the annual wildflower, Papaver rhoeas, or commonly known as the common poppy, is a familiar sight. These poppies have been given the symbol of remembrance after World War I as they grew in churned-up battlefields. The seeds of the common poppy remain dormant for up to 80 years, germinating when the soil is disturbed. This plant blooms from late spring through early summer, with flowers varying from scarlet red to shades of yellow, orange, pink, and white due to hybridization and selective breeding. They are perfect for naturalizing and work well in garden beds, cottage gardens, borders, and pollinator gardens. However, note that the entire plant is toxic to pets. These poppies are low-maintenance plants, and they thrive in bright, sunny locations with well-drained soil. Deadheading is optional, but it can help extend their blooming period.

Common poppy with red flowers with white tips closeup

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Common poppy with red-orange flowers with buds in between

Common poppy with orange flowers and buds in sunlight

Common poppy with red flowers and white tips next to bud closeup

Common poppy with red flowers next to blue and light purple thistle in garden

The common poppy plant thrives in full sun conditions, but can still grow in partial shade with less than 6 hours of direct sunlight. As long as the soil is well-draining, the plant can adapt to a wide range of soil conditions, including poor quality and low-nutrient soil. Once established, the common poppy requires minimal watering, and supplemental watering during extended periods of drought can help extend bloom times. The plant is an annual wildflower that grows well in USDA zones 1 through 10, and while it is not frost-tolerant, its seeds can withstand cold winters. While the common poppy does not require fertilization throughout the growing season, amending the soil with a phosphorus-rich fertilizer can help encourage blooms. The Shirley poppy is a cultivator of the common poppy available in different colors, including pale pink, white, red, blue, and others. To grow common poppies from seed, they can be sown directly in the garden in early spring or fall, and deadheading will prolong flowering. Aphids and powdery mildew are common pests and plant diseases that can affect the common poppy, and can be treated with insecticides or fungicides.

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